What is Means to be Successful :: essays research papers

Success The American heritage dictionary defines success as, â€Å"An event that accomplishes its intended purpose.† The definition certainly looks precise and is theoretically a strong statement. The definition of success varies drastically due to the individual perception in accordance with the situation. Success can be defined in various forms. There might be numerous ways in which an individual gratify them self as being successful. How can one achieve success? To be successful one must achieve all four levels of success i.e. personal, financial, academic and social. Individual ability to maintain strong family and martial relationships would be considered as a success on personal level. Jonathan A. Harris, a senator from Connecticut describes success as, â€Å"Going home at night with a smile and being able to sleep. And talking out someone’s recycling.† Personal relationships play an important part in people’s lives. A sound relationship with family members generates support. The amount of care and affection engendered from being married develops a solid relationship. Friends are another aspect in this category, which play a major role. Friends are there whenever or wherever they are required. Having a lot of friends expresses a message that an individual has self confidence. Personal success comes with a long lasting relationship. Financial success comes with proper money management, reliable income and savings. Being financially successful does not necessarily mean to have a six figure income. Financial success comes with a better understanding of the value of money and utilizing it wisely. â€Å"You have reached the pinnacle of success as soon as you become uninterested in money, compliments, or publicity.† quotes Thomas Wolfe, a great twentieth century writer. People might be generating a very high or low income but if they can utilize their income in proper way they would obtain a solid financial stability. Saving is another key aspect to expedite financial success. People who have tendency to save would attain a rigid financial strength. Generally being successful on an academic level would be to attain at least a bachelor degree and to be professional utilizing education in a practical manner. Felix E. Schelling, an American educator articulates that, â€Å"True education makes for inequality, the inequality of individuality, the inequality of success, the glorious inequality of talent, of genius.† Definitely educational success is associated with the level of education attained. The journey of education begins at a tender childhood age and lasts untills the end. It’s a life long learning experience.

Developing Manager Essay

Introduction There are certain skills that need to be learned in order to assess the potentiality of someone in becoming a manager. This assignment aims to achieve this by understanding principles and practices of management behaviour, reviewing own potentiality as a prospective manager via stimulations and role plays and how to show managerial skills within a business and services context. Then finally, addressing and analysing a real life case study and relating it to the theories learned. PART A-REPORT AND ACTION PLAN: 1.1 (P1) Management theories are an assortment of ideas and rules which aims to present how a business or organization should be managed. Therefore it focuses on how managers and supervisors centre their attention on their goal by ensuring that they accomplish all the business goals and the motivation of employees to carry out their work at a high standard. There are numerous different types of management styles that are implemented when figuring out how their business or organization should be led. It is vitally important to choose the right type for the business as it can have a big impact on the staff’s motivation and what they produce. On the basis of the individualities of the staff can help in coming to the decision of what management style is best for the business. Firstly, one type of management style is autocratic management style. An autocratic manager is one who enjoys the fact that they are in control hence they prefer that they made all decisions of the business on their o wn without any sort of discussion with anyone else in the business. A benefit of this type of management is that it is not time-consuming as work can be done on time with decisions being made at a speedier rate where less people are having to be involved. However, a disadvantage of this type of management style is that is can lead to a fall in motivation in the staff. As they feel that in such an environment, they do not have much say nor any impact on any decisions made  within the business therefore they choose to shift to another workplace, in search of a better opportunity where they can portray a better influence on the business and its decisions. This type of management proves to be best in circumstances where decisions are needed to be made on spot whereas if an autocratic style of management continues for a long period of time, it can result in a great headache for all those involved. Therefore it can be effectively used in settings including prisons or military. Secondly, another type of management style is democratic management style. In comparison to an autocratic manager, a democratic manager enjoys to share the work with staff and depends on their co-operation to get the work completed on time and correctly. This type of management is where employees feel more valued by their manager and more involved in the business process. This can be very beneficial for the business as it can result it an increase in motivation where the staff’s job performance is much better than in an autocratic environment. In contrast to this, a disadvantage of this type of management is that the staff may feel that the manager is putting too much work on them and pushing them to work hard as he does not feel like doing it himself. Furthermore, it can be very time consuming in terms of decisions being made too slow or the staff are having to wait for confirmation by the manager until the next step can be proceeded which can delay the speed of the completion of the work. Also for the manager as they are having to continuously stop their concentration on their own work in order to answer the team’s question. Moreover, another type of management style is participative management style. This type involves the manager gaining feedback from all the staff before reaching any decision. The advantage of this type of management is that by getting an agreement on a major decision may mean that those people agree that would not have in the first place hence instead of being opposed to the changes that are being made, they agree to it. Nevertheless, a downside of this type of management is that it can take longer than usual as everyone’s opinion is having to be heard before forwarding to the next step. Additionally, if despite listening to the employees perspective on the change; the manager still decides to listen to their own opinion without integrating the feedback may mean that the staff feel that the manager does not value their opinion enough consequently he is choosing to ignore it instead. Comparing this to autocratic and  democratic management, this type of management style is bes t in making the team feel more involved and making it easier for the staff to implement towards all the changes coming down. It also works well in situations where the business may need to brainstorm ideas where teamwork can be convenient in coming up with new product ideas or marketing promotions. Lastly, one last type is laissez faire management style. In this leadership management style, the team are free to complete the job or task in any way they wish. But the manager is still there to provide any guidance or answer to any questions the team may have. This is beneficial in allowing the individual to build up leadership skills which they can apply in future careers. On the other hand, this can prove to create conflict amongst the employees as one may feel that they can dictate over others and make the assumption that they know only how the work should be done. Reference – Study Manual, HND Hospitality Management, page 236-238 1.2 (P2) Leadership characteristics are what defines how a leader should be and what characteristics they should consist of in order to prove that they are a good enough to play the role as a leader. Also, a set of skills are also needed to help build the characteristics of a leader. Firstly, interpersonal skills are needed to build trust and respect of their groups which enables the progression of work towards the achievements of its goals. By having these set of skills, the leader is able to work through any difficult relationship, maintaining peace throughout the business environment along the way. Furthermore, they have to hold good listening skills and have the ability to provide constructive feedback. Secondly, communication skills is where through speaking, leaders are able to demonstrate the correct capability of keeping their staff motivated and dedicated. By listening, they can then ask appropriate questions in order to assess the staff’s understanding of what they are convey ing. Thirdly, values is vitally important as it portrays how the leader accepts the diversity of the workforce and how this helps to bring a wider perspective to the organization and making vast improvements in every aspect. By respecting the staff and preventing favouritism will express the leader with a high level of morals resulting in being a role model for others to follow and the birth of better leaders. Moreover, leaders must also have  organisational consciousness or knowledge therefore they understand what the organisation is aiming to achieve and know all the objectives behind these aims. They are skilful and intelligent in creating schemes within the organisation to guarantee the completion of work by the groups and that all barriers are broken to allow progression within the business. Confidence is also very important for a leader to have in order to successfully take both popular and unpopular decisions without any fear or distress. The confidence will allow them to learn from their criticisms to support them make improvement and progression in all fields of their career. Furthermore, they are able to then persistently maintain a calm manner during emergencies and busy times which can be effective in terms of helping motivation for others around them too. Additionally, flexibility is another significant characteristic that every leader should have, to allow adaptations or al terations of their leadership style to be made. This will help to meet the needs and requirements of the present work setting. They must then be able to work with different types of people in a team to help come up with objectives to the organisation’s goals, even if a change of focus in needed. Creativity skills can be useful for a leader in many ways including coming up with unique solutions to problems and comprehensive answers to routine questions. A creative leader can have a significant impact on the organisation through developing innovative suggestions and improvements in all aspects. Then they can also consist of the capability to interpret technical information into simpler form which is understandable to everyone. Finally, all their characteristics have a great impact on achieving results. Their deep understanding and knowledge helps to build objectives of the organisation and then successfully apply them to the goals which can then be accomplished. Their performan ce is at very high standard which is beneficial for both the organisation and the employee’s motivation. Employee’s motivation is very important for all reasons as this will then result in them having the ability to tackle even the most impossible situations. Reference – Study Manual, HND Hospitality Management, page 239-241 1.3 (P3) Communication processes is the sharing of meaningful information between two or more people where the sender who initiates a message to the receiver to whom the message is directed to. The key elements involved in this process  are the sender, receiver, message, context, noise and feedback. Effective communication is when goal of the receiver understanding the sender’s intended message is accomplished. The sender is the source who initiates the communication process and the receiver is the other person involved. In dyadic communication or public speaking, the channel which is the medium by which the message is delivered or received, is both verbal and non-verbal speaking. Verbal is when his/her voice is used to communicate-the spoken word and non-verbal being the use of gestures and one’s appearance. Interaction is then how one party or person therefore the sender and receiver can affect each other. Therefore the participants that are involved in the process take turns either sending or receiving. Context refers to the idea that all communication process take place in some sort of surrounding. This could be in your living room, bedroom or somewhere outside which is the physical context. The event or people involved is the social context – group of friends in a club. Then the wider set of situations and beliefs comes under the cultural context hence it would matter if the funeral that we were attending was in a Hindu or Muslim context. The noise in the communication process is what disrupts and interferes the communication between the sender and the receiver. This can be physical or psychological. The feedback is the last part of the communication process in which the receiver responds to the sender’s message in the format of a spoken word, sigh, written message, smile or some other action. Without feedback, the sender will be unable to know whether or not the recei ver has correctly understood the intended message therefore the feedback also confirms whether effective communication has been carried out. Lastly, the co-orientation of the communication process explains how similar perceptions and interpretations of the same object will mean that the flow of communication is much more efficient. This in turn increases the co-orientation. McDonald’s communication process involves running different advertising campaigns to ensure that customers are accessible to all the great offers and products that come available and other information such as training and education opportunities. They also have a media team that deals with the press. Another hospitality organisation is Hilton Hotel. Their communication process is where ownership, the Management Company, GM and key designees get a login and password to Hilton OnQ Insider. Important brand communications are sent via the Hilton News newsletter. References – Study Manual, HND Hospitality Management, page 242-245 http://www.mcdonalds.co.uk/ukhome/whatmakesmcdonalds/questions/running-the-business/marketing/how-do-mcdonalds-communicate-internally-externally-and-to-its-customers.html http://www.hiltonworldwide.com/assets/pdfs/brands/Hilton_BecomingAHilton.pdf 1.4 (P4) Due to the 21st century having brought constant change, increasing technological complexity, rapidly escalating levels of competition, heightened stakeholder expectations and the rise of knowledge workers has meant that companies are having to adapt to this in order to continue. They have had to reassess their objectives, operations and leadership views and what makes an organization effective is also being re-examined. Now, leaders are required to have a different perspective and are expected to focus on factors such as psychological commitment, communication, empowerment, teamwork, trust, participation and flexibility compared to the past who were only under the expectations to produce and make profit. Those companies that have thrived in the 21st century are those that have been able to adjust to the change and manage it effectively enough. There are particular actions that need to be carried out to reach objectives. This includes power concentration where power is not concentrate d, includes focus on knowledge and performance. Personalism is using their speech and power to build relationships with other influential people in the company. Paternalism is when the leader and employees relationship is not based on dependence therefore all interactions are carried out with pure independence. Expectant posture is where the leaders and assistants negotiate leaving little space of responsibilities for difficulties from assistants to leaders. Formalism; produce norms and values that everyone needs to follow to avoid nepotism, favouritism, corruption and impunity. Personal loyalty is where the leader’s need are of less priority to the whole of the company’s needs. Conflict avoidance where empowerment, independence and autonomy is leader is enforced to create a more motivated and initiated environment. Flexibility, where organisations are able to adapt their environment both internally and  externally for more equal opportunities amongst all individuals. This will allow more room for effective improve ments including efficiency, effectiveness and competitiveness increasing the probability of the business being successful. In addition, currently, people’s motivation is now entirely based on personal purpose and meaning at work. Mitroff and Denton (1999) argued that ‘what gives employees meaning and purpose at work is: the ability to realize their potential; being associated with good or ethical organization; interesting work; making money; having good colleagues; believing they are of service to others; believing they are of service to future generations and believing they are of service to their community.’ The purpose is to observe how organisational culture influences the possibility of change schemes to succeed and to offer tools that the reader can use to apply to their organization. If the organization’s culture is linked to the mission and goals of the company, employees are more motivated to change. A cultural analysis is carried out to enable th e planning and implementation of organizational change. There are two ways in which culture can be understood-cultural insight is the degree that organization members are prepared to accept change and cultural assessment is the first cause of the problems that delay stronger performance. Barros and Prates (2006) carried out a study on the main cultural traits present in Brazilian organizations which showed that managers bought a management style that imitated the characteristics of Brazilian culture into their organizations. Hilton Hotel’s organizational structure is called the formal organization. It is flexible where personal and social relations are not required. Each distinct area, division or branch of the organisation is powered by a certain manager who directs all activities occurring there. It involves two spans of management-wide and narrow span. Due to the highly competitive market after the 9/11, the Executive Board of Hilton UK and Ireland recognised that they nee ded to invest more time in development where they then introduced the talent development. This was given great importance on the Board’s Three Year Strategic Plan where they intended to make people feel more valued and provide them with the opportunity to work and achieve their best potential. They also used coaching in order to help them achieve their HR programmes which included Hilton’s New Leadership Styles Programme and Hilton’s Personal Development Plans for employees. References – Study  Manual, HND Hospitality Management, page 246-251. http://www.managementparadise.com/forums/human-resources-management-h-r/214926-organisational-structure-hilton-hotels-corporation.html http://www.fullpotentialgroup.co.uk/Page.php?ID=FPG_Case_Study_Hilton 3.1 (P8) I would motivate my team to achieve the goals and objectives of the company if I am unable to increase their payment by the following steps. Firstly, I believe in my team’s objectives therefore they will then sense this through your dedication and will respond to this. Secondly, I model the behaviour I want from the team hence communicate and interact with others in a professional manner and set aside some time by putting extra hours into your job as a leader beside your team. Thirdly, I keep a positive attitude thus ensuring that every project succeeds by resolving every issue related to it without giving up. The team will pick up and respond to this positive attitude accordingly. Moreover, be clear on my goals, this will ensure that the team are aware and know what all the goals are and what their leaders expectations are of them and therefore this will result in them knowing what they need to do as a team member to ensure all the goals are accomplished. Additionally, I get feedback from the team members by listening to them and separating the message and issue from the person. This will lead to the team being less hesitant in coming to me in the future. In addition, set expectations so even that I may or may not adopt their suggestions, leaving them to be less disappointed and surprised with the outcome. Furthermore, I try to avoid mixed messages like for example, when a parent says to their child ‘Any time you have a problem, you can talk to Mommy or Daddy?’ but when they do come to you, you become all irritated and scream at them telling them to come back later. If you send these type of mixed messages to your staff, this can result in things becoming harder that they already were in the case of getting them to act the way you want them to. Also, know the difference between exhorting and belittling hence bring out the difference between making my team do better rather than telling them that they aren’t there right now. For exampl e, if after a rehearsal of choir, I say ‘I want to see confidence in your eyes when you’re singing’ is better than ‘you idiots, you don’t even know the music’. Likewise, I be correct in private,  if I see some fault in one of my team member whether it is to do with attendance, punctuality, dress or general professionalism, I consult them about it in private rather than in public where I will only just end up embarrassing them. Furthermore, I praise them in public so they look good in the eyes of others and this can also result in others being motivated to improve their own performance. Lastly, I believe in my team. Reference – Study Manual, HND Hospitality Management, page 292-295 3.2 (P9) The team turnover can be kept low by developing and describing the mission, policies, objectives of the organisation. Secondly, establish formal and informal organizational structures to give authority and share responsibility. Thirdly, set priorities, review and revise objectives. Moreover, communicate effectively with the team, other groups and community. Furthermore, select, motivate, train and appraise staff. In addition, secure funds, manage budgets and evaluate accomplishments. Finally, be responsible to staff, the larger enterprise and the larger community. Reference – Study Manual, HND Hospitality Management, page 296-298 4.1 (P10) The managerial and personal skills that will support career development are being able to identify, organize, plan and allocate resources including time, money, material and facilities and human resources. Secondly, being interpersonal therefore working with others-participates was a member of a team, teaches others new skills, services clients/customers, exercises leadership, negotiates and works with diversity. Thirdly, ability to – acquire and evaluate information, organize and evaluate information, interpret and communicate information and use computers to process information. Also, work with systems hence understand complex interrelationships. They will then understand the systems, monitor and correct performance and improve or design systems. Moreover, can work with a variety of technologies, this includes – selecting technology, applying it and maintaining and troubleshooting equipment. Furthermore, they also consist of the basic skills such reading, writing, per forming arithmetic and mathematical operations, listening and speaking. They have the thinking skills so can think creatively, make fast decisions, solve problems effectively, visualize and know how to learn and reason. Lastly, they have

Element & Performance Criteria Essay

1. What documentation could you expect to receive when you are asked to undertake a project? Apart from the written documentation, you might need to obtain additional information. What could this be? Why is it important to get all this information before you start your project? Your Answer: You could expect to receive a copy of the contract or agreement, the project brief and project plans. You will also need to know who your stakeholders are and what outcomes are expected, the reporting requirements, inclusions and exclusions, timeframe for milestones, quality standards and resources available to you. You need to understand completely what is expected, what time frame and the resources available and ensure nothing has been left out as you may not be able to ask for extra time or resources once the project has commenced. 2. Why is it important to check out the relationship of your project to both your organisation’s objectives and to other projects? What could be the outcomes if you don’t check these out? Your Answer: You need to ensure your project is in line with your company’s overall objectives to ensure other departments you are working with have ample time to respond to any requests from your team and ensure less disruption to work flow. As you may have some part time staff on your team you also need to ensure project work does not take away them away from their daily duties. You need to make sure that anything you develop works into the established procedures and can easily be adapted to work straight away. Your project wouldn’t be successful if you cannot integrate the end product easily into the company functions. QUESTION 2 0 Satisfactory 0 Not Yet Satisfactory Element & Performance Criteria1.2 1. In any project, there are the direct or formal stakeholders as well as informal stakeholders. How would you go about determining these? Why would you need to know who the informal stakeholders are? Your Answer: You are undertaking a project on behalf of stakeholders so you need to be aware of who they are. You must remember the project mantra is â€Å"satisfying the stakeholders†. Depending on the project you need to work out if it is being undertaken for a customer, a department, funding body, management, sponsor or key personnel to establish their vested interest and better understand the outcomes required for them. As you will need to supply progress reports, you will need to understand who the stakeholder is and what information you can be disclosed to them. Knowing who your stakeholders are can also work in your favour as you can use their vested interest to gain the assets you need. QUESTION 3 0 Satisfactory 0 Not Yet Satisfactory Element & Performance Criteria1.3, 1.6 1. When you are asked to take on a project, you need to know the project brief, but there are many other details you need to have, including items such as legislative requirements, risks, resources and so on. What items should be on your checklist to make sure you are clear on the project, its parameters and the resources available to you? Your Answer: You will need to know the following: Legislative and quality standards – government regulations Physical, human and technical resources available – full / part time staff and how much of their time is available to you. Procurement requirements – limits of authority for sign off and purchase regulations Risks – Physical, financial, technological – a full risk assessment should be undertaken prior to commencement and a comprehensive budget developed. Reporting requirements – who to report to, what needs to be covered and how often reports are expected. How the project integrates into the company QUESTION 4 0 Satisfactory 0 Not Yet Satisfactory Element & Performance Criteria2.1, 2.3 1. If you are setting up a detailed project plan for your project, why must you also set up a risk management plan? How would you go about making sure your two plans are synchronised? Your Answer: Your project plan should work around any identified risks. You should undertake a risk assessment before beginning the project and identify any acceptable risks, ways to avoid or mitigate these risks and if necessary transfer the risk to a third party. You need to work the results from your risk assessment into your project plan eg outsourcing some of the risk or changing strategies to lessen the risks to the project. 2. As you set up your project plan, one of the key components is your timeline. What factors must you consider when determining the timeline? Your Answer: It is best to use a software package for accurate setup. Decide on a schedule that covers from the beginning to the end of the project and list all tasks involved. Sort which tasks can be done in parallel with others and include tasks by outside resources like subcontractors, vendors and other departments. Work out how long each task may take by using past experiences or work out how long it would take you to undertake the task and add 20% for any unseen problems. Be sure to include time for meetings, reports and documentation development. Look at the manpower available for completing the project and schedule times for part time members who also perform work for other departments. This document needs to be flexible with some slack time built into the schedule at various points. QUESTION 5 0 Satisfactory 0 Not Yet Satisfactory Element & Performance Criteria2.2 1.There are many project management tools available to you. Choose five  from the following list and describe the pros and cons of each of the five: †¢cost schedule control system †¢Critical Path Method †¢Gantt and bar charts †¢life cycle cost analysis †¢logistics support analysis †¢PERT charts †¢project management software †¢spreadsheets †¢WHS management system tools Your Answer: Project Management Software Helps schedule the project Assigns tasks Finds the critical path Tracks progress against the time line plan Creates you Gnatt charts for you and automatically updates these charts with adjustments in your plan Gnatt & Bar Charts Shows scheduling information about a project Shows tasks that are part of the critical path Identifies who tasks are assigned to and which tasks are to be completed by people outside of your team Shows the current status of tasks Spreadsheets These are useful for charts of data that need to be created Charts can be created in word processing documents Preforms calculations on data inserted into a document Embedded formulas allows calculations to be in real time and adjusts to any changes made Logistics Support Analysis Shows an analysis of all logistical elements required for each activity Integrates the logistics and supply chain into a seamless operation Reduces costs Increases responsiveness Life Cycle Cost Analysis This is a system of cost evaluation Shows costs throughout the expected life Used to make cost determinations between different systems proposed for a particular need QUESTION 6 0 Satisfactory 0 Not Yet Satisfactory Element & Performance Criteria2.5, 3.1, 3.2 1. What are the advantages of consulting your team members when setting up your project plan? What are the risks if you do not consult them? Your Answer: You can use the expertise of your team to develop a list of tasks, estimate the time needed to undertake these tasks and develop a list of equipment & materials required. As you finalise the project plan communicate with your team members their part in the project and present your plan to them prior to presentation to management. Let them help identify potential problems and suggest any solutions. If your members feel they are part of creating the plan then they will have a greater commitment to completing the project on time and within budget. Involving your staff will get them to buy into the project and will eliminate the idea that it is your plan and giving them an excuse for not meeting timelines or budgets. You want your team to work as a team with enthusiasm to the project for a successful outcome. 2.Describe the techniques you could use to make sure: †¢at the beginning of your project that team members are clear about their responsibilities †¢as the project progresses that all team members continue to be clear about their responsibilities Your Answer: Ensure each team member understands clearly the scope of the project and their individual responsibility. If you have involved the team in the planning and setting up  of the project plan they will understand the aims of the project and what you require from them and the time constraints in place. To keep them on track whilst the project progresses, be proactive and display posters reminding them of the project scope and goals, have weekly status meetings and get everyone to give an update, send a weekly project update email or motivational email and talk to your team members to see where they are up to and help them to get around any obstacles they encounter. Follow up with your team and help guide them in the right direction. You need to have your finger on the pulse a nd know what each member is doing to ensure they stay on track. 3.Some suggested techniques for supporting your project team members are: †¢encouragement †¢feedback †¢learning and development †¢regular project team meetings †¢supervision, mentoring and coaching What are at least five of the key activities you would consider when undertaking these techniques and supporting your project team members? Explain why you would choose these particular five. What communication skills would each activity require? Your Answer: Encouragement – Support your team members and recognise them for their contributions to the project. Help them to get the necessary assistance and guidance to ensure they can perform their tasks. Listening, empathy, understanding are the communication skills required. Provide feedback to members to show what tasks have been achieved and where the budget and timelines are being achieved or missed. Discussion, reporting and presenting of reports and charts to show achievements Provide learning and development opportunities to team members. Get help and guidance from outside the team to help members to get past any problems or road blocks. Coordination, discussion, problem solving and team work would be required in this instance. Conduct regular team meetings and discuss where each member is up to with their required tasks and reward and recognise high performing team members with simple gifts and acknowledgment. Presentation, coordination and discussion will be required during meetings. Supervise,  mentor and coach your team. Your job is to manage the team not do all the work. Your team are the experts in each area and you just need to support them and help them to make everything come together Mentoring, watching, looking and talking would be required when mentoring your team. QUESTION 7 0 Satisfactory 0 Not Yet Satisfactory Element & Performance Criteria1.5, 3.4 1. Projects often start to run over budget, milestones slip, resources don’t reach you on schedule or a key person gets ill. What do you need to have in place to manage these problems? Who might you consult when you hit a problem that you are having difficulty resolving? Your Answer: You need to have identified the potential risks at the project planning stage and factored in some time to deal with these obstacles. You need to deal with each target that is not achieved and establish a plan that can be implemented to get the project back on track. Resources need to be looked at that can be added to the project team or new ways to undertake work need to be thought of. To think outside the box is necessary to establish better ways to achieve outcomes as the traditional company way may be to time consuming when working on a project. The usual company way could be used when full production is undertaken but isn’t necessary during a project. You can approach the stakeholders when you are hit with a problem you can’t easily resolve. They have a vested interest in the outcome and may be able to assist with extra resources or ideas on where items can be procured or sub-contractors that could be engaged. QUESTION 8 0 Satisfactory 0 Not Yet Satisfactory Element & Performance Criteria5.1 1. It is the nature of most projects that there will be mistakes, problems with resources or people, changes in both the internal or external  environments, or even changes in the project scope or brief. Understanding how these happened and how they were managed can become learning experiences, but if they are not documented in some way, they become lost. How could you go about making sure the lessons learnt are not lost? Your: Accurate notes and documentation will ensure lessons learnt are not lost and can be used by future project teams who can learn from your successes and mistakes. Identifying problems encountered and the process used to find a solution and accurate documentation of the solution and the techniques or methods tried is important to have for the company to use in future work or trials. Accurately record what problems occurred, its effects, what you did to rectify the problem and the impact of the changes you made. This will help in the future to improve processes or procedures of the company and may assist future project managers when faced with obstacles.

Alternative Sources Of Energy

Alternative Sources Of Energy Bio-fuels are formed from biomass, normally plants seeds, and liquid bio fuels can be use for transportation. We are one of the world’s leading distributors of bio fuels and we are developing enhanced bio fuels that could see CO2 reductions and a sustainable alternative fuel source. The two main forms of bio fuel today are ethanol and FAME (Fatty Acid Methyl Esters), which have largely relied on food crops such as wheat or sugar cane as their source. We are working to find a source material that does not compete with food crops, to develop a conversion process that will produce low CO2, and to produce efficient fuels. Our bio fuels research includes finding alternative feedstocks. We are looking into finding tough new enzymes to break down the cellulose in plants such as straw. Algae have potential as a sustainable source of vegetable oil that could be used for the production of bio fuel for diesel engines. It is early days but algae hold promise, as they grow rapidly and c an be cultivated in ponds of seawater and minimise the use of fertile land and fresh water. Alternative Energy The world has plenty of potential renewable energy sources, but each has its own technical challenges. Scientists are working to develop alternative energy sources that are sustainable, clean and convenient. Fossil fuels are expected to remain the world’s main source of energy for decades to come but sustainable, clean and convenient energy sources will also be needed in the mix. Today’s most widespread biofuel, ethanol, is commonly made from starchy or sugary plants. Hydrogen is seen by many as â€Å"the fuel of the future†, but it still has a long way to go. It is an energy carrier, in the same way as electricity, and so must be produced from another substance. Most commonly, hydrogen is produced using steam that reacts with methane and converts it into hydrogen and carbon. It can also be produced from water through electrolysis. The hydrogen can then be stored and converted to energy via hydrogen fuel cells, now available for cars. In hydrogen fuel cell vehicles a chemical reaction inside the fuel cell – usually between hydrogen and oxygen – creates electricity for the motor and the only resulting exhaust pipe emission is water vapour. We are learning as much as possible about hydrogen refuelling and how to meet future customer needs. We are involved in research and demonstration projects and have already opened a cluster of commercial hydrogen filling stations. biomass Biomass is any plant derived organic matter available on a renewable basis, including dedicated energy crops and trees, agricultural food and feed crops, agricultural crop wastes and residues, wood wastes and residues, aquatic plants etc. The energy in biomass can be harnessed in waste-to-energy plants or cogeneration plants. Waste-to-Energy Plants All incinerable waste not recovered, reused or recycled is sent for incineration at the waste-to-ener gy plants operated by the National Environment Agency. The combustion of municipal waste including renewables in the waste produce heat,

International relation study guide Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

International relation study guide - Essay Example The lack of reality is depicted by incapability to embrace and regulate the interaction and display the actual practice in real life situation to the scholars. Instead, it is based on stereotypes and affects the self understanding of international relations. These deny the scholars the academic relevance in the fact that they only learn but cannot put the same into practice. Most of the academic concept revolves around research driven teaching responding to ancient ideologies rather than the present day real life situation. This offers a challenge for making the study central to the discipline and do not improve the academic understanding by the scholars. It lacks the ability to solve human conflicts but rather since it fails to nurture the formation of critical ideas and formation of intellectual sensitivity in the scholars mind. This has affected the self understanding and does not address the global dimension of political, social and cultural behavior and how it can be used to improve the international

Analyze a Category of Advertisements Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Analyze a Category of Advertisements - Essay Example Multiple methods of advertising reaches out to the most people possible. To determine whether these marketing tactics work, a return on the dollar ratio is calculated by each company's marketing team. When looking for certain advertisements to categorize together, it was easy to see that many of them are somewhat similar depending on the product. Fragrance advertisements all look the same with any celebrity aiming to make a dollar has a fragrance line up and coming. Celebrities are also used to endorse a wide variety of products of anything from make up with spokespeople such as Drew Barrymore and Ellen DeGeneres to tennis shoes endorsed by popular athletes such as Michael Jordan. When trying to evaluate which genre of advertising to choose to analyze, I decided upon weight loss program advertisements. This includes weight loss supplements and dieting programs and can even combine that with fitness programs that guarantee that people will get ripped bodies in just a matter of a few m onths. The many avenues for advertising include billboards, television, radio, mobile advertisements, online advertising and print advertisements in newspapers and magazines. When analyzing weight loss program advertisements, various products are marketed on virtually every avenue. The products range from crash diets and magic pills to lifestyle changing diets and workout regimens. For this genre, the marketing processes are all across the board, targeting a variety of people. As Americans, with obesity on the rise, many of these weight loss programs can appeal to a variety of different audiences. However, they are all effective in their own way, appealing to audiences of different ages and both male and female either for an instant weight loss change or one that is more gradual and requires discipline. One advertisement that I have seen rather frequently is one that appears in many celebrity gossip magazines. The product is NV and it promises the product buyer that a person can dro p one jean size in two weeks. The advertisement is endorsed by former Playboy bunny and ex-girlfriend of Hugh Hefner, Holly Madison. She can be categorized herself as a 30-something year old bombshell. Already thin, the advertisement shows Holly Madison heading to a grocery store in an already too tight shirt with a little bit of belly flab hanging out. In the advertisement, it has her own caption written stating that she looked awful in that picture and after using NV got her body back. She is then pictured looking slim and glamorous and the product is called one that acts fast and that it is one of Hollywood's secrets of the stars who need to lose weight immediately. The advertisement prominently displays Holly Madison's hot new body after using a weight loss product and also shows a smaller photo of the actual product. It advertises which major chain retailers that the product can be found and also gives a web address for those looking at the advertisement and says that a person may be able to try a bottle for free. While flipping through other magazines of this same type, celebrity gossip, the same advertisement can be found throughout. Some of them are single spreads and some are even a full three pages of full color advertisements showing the beauty and glamour of being able able to drop weight fast just like the celebrities do. Readers of this type of magazine are typically female and based on the

INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS - Essay Example Though the technology is only a few years old, the amount of response it has received, in that short period is so overwhelming. The essay will provide more information on Bitcoin and its importance to the society. Apart from acceptance by many brick and mortar businesses such as restaurants and a number of online services like Amazon, it also uses Bit Coin technology. The most common way in which a person obtains Bit coins is normally through exchange or competitive mining (Shieber, 8). Mining is usually the process where individuals’ services to the network are rewarded. One thing that makes this technology unique is the fact that its mode of payment is easy. Unlike other purchases that require debit or credit card, for a Bitcoin purchase, one only needs a computer or phone (Shieber, 8). Through e-wallet application, one is able to make his payments because the only requirement is the recipient’s address. Bitcoin has a number of advantages. Unlike other financial institutions such as banks that operate from 8am to 4pm, Bitcoin has no such rules. Bitcoin is active at all times through the year, unless the system encounters an error or there it is undergoing an upgrade. Unlike ot her services such as PayPal that charge transaction fees, Bitcoin transactions are normally free of charge, only a small transaction fee is in situations where users wish to have the transactions done faster (Shieber, 9). Bitcoin also ensures that all transactions are secure and transparent. This is because the system is protected by cryptographically; therefore, there is little chance of tapping or altering information in the system. Whereas Bitcoin has many benefits, there are some limitations associated with it. Bit coin is far from being accepted because either people have not yet heard of it or they are still in doubt about this recent invention. Another disadvantage is that Bit coins can get lost in the network. With the massive number of Bitcoin transactions in a